Agroha / Agra Republic was established around 51 years before the war of Mahabarat.According to writers of "Bhavishya Puran; Ke Agravansh" "Vanishanukirtnam" and "Uru Charitam" Maharaja Agrasen ruled some 5000 years back over Agroha  around the time of Mahabharat.

This belief is testified by the mention of the republican state of Agrayan in a couplet shloka of the great epic Mahabharata. 

"Bad`ana, raoihtkaMScaOva Aaga`oyaanamaalavaanaaip   
gaNaana savaaRna ivainaijatyanaIitkRt p`hsainnava" 

mahaBaart vana Pava- -255:20  

Agroha was a  Republican State consisting of 18 state units. The residents of this states were known as Yodhya and Agraya .Some of the writings on the coins that have been excavated from the site of ancient Agroha read as 'Yodhyanam Bahu Dhanya Kanam','Yodhya Ganasya Jaya', 'Yodhyanam Jaimantra Shalinam'. 

The Agroha republic was renowned for its bravery and prosperity. However over the time it could not stand the foreign invasions of Hunas, Greeks and Yavanas, who invaded the north India disintegrating various kingdoms in Punjab. The disintegrated Agroha led to the migration of the residents of Agroha to other parts of the country viz Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and Malwa, however they derieved a common name Aggarwals ie. AGROHA-WALE. 

 
Tolmy , a greek writer in his book titled "Example of Geography" has mentioned about a city called "Agara". This has been equated to "Agrohe" by the geologist Rannal. In the map supplemented in the book of Tolmy "Agara" has been shown at the same place as the present " AGROHA"  

Moshio Prajluski has in his writings identified Agroha as " Agrodak" or " Agrod" This statement has been further testified by the writings on coins found from Agroha wherein 'Agrod' or 'Agacha' state has been written in the Brahm Lipi (script ). 

Dr. Satyaketu Vidyalankar has written that Agroha existed some 100 Years before the kushan dynasty. 

According to the Punjab Govt. Gazzette " Agroha" was a very big ancient city. The primary efforts to discover its historical past were made in the year 1888-89, when the Indian Govt. started excavations at the ancient agroha site under archaeologist C.T. Rogers. However the intial excavations were carried out only for 15 Days. 

The excavation was restarted in the year 1938-39, though even this could not be carried on for long due to the IInd world war but it provided major historical input towards Agroha's existence.

 
In 1978-79 the Archaelogical Department of Haryana Govt. began excavation work under the guidance and supervision of Mr. J.S.Khatri and Mr. Acharya. 

It is quite apparent from the excavations that below the mounds existed a big, well planned progressive town. 

Some of the materials collected from the excavated site : 
Coins : 
Large number of coins  have been found at the excavated site. The coins are predominantly of silver & bronze in different shapes and sizes. The Script and signs on the coins depict that they belong to different periods. 

The bronze coins have "Agadke,Agach, Janpads" in prakrit language inscribed on them. A coin dated 200 BD called die struck or counter struck has  been found besides Roman , Kushana , Yodhaya and Gupta dynasty coins . 

Seals : 
The seals that have been found at Agroha have been inscribed with words like"Pitradutt" " Sadhu Vridhasya" "Shamkar Malasya" ". Madrsya" etc. 

Artifacts : 

From the excavation site many statutes made of stone and sand have benn unearthed. Masks, Terracotta Animals and Toys have also been found. Utensils belonging to 2C B.D. in black ,brown and red polish have also been discovered.

avowed Maharaj Agrasen, the king of Agroha, born to king Vallabh of Pratapnagar some 5182 years back. Maharaj Agrasen, was king of great administrative skill. His concepts of kingdom and the duties of the king towards his subjects have evolved him as a centurial man. Equality, Nationalism, Socialism and Non-Violence were the principles which formed the backbone of his kingship. 

Maharaj Agrasen established the republican state of Agroha. Agroha consisted of 18 state units. The head of each state unit was given a Gotra. All the residents of that particular state unit were identified by that Gotra. It was maintained by Maharaj Agrasen that a nupital alliance could not take place in the same Gotra. That is a girl of "Goel" Gotra could not marry a "Goel boy"', but could be married in any of the other 17 Gotra. This rule enunciated by Maharaj Agrasen promoted harmony and brotherhood among all the 18 Gotra represented by state units. This facilitated promotion of unity and nationalism among the state units.  

 Maharaj Agrasen was a doer (a Karmyogi) who conjured prosperity for all. An adherent of Socialism, he devised a unique rule in order to ensure an egalitarian society. He promulgated that any person coming to Agroha to settle down permanently, shall be given one rupee, one brick, by each resident of Agroha.With the bricks he could build a house for living and with the money so collected he could set up his own business. This way through a small help by each a person could attain a equal status in the society of equals. 

He adopted the ideal of  Non-Violence during the 18th Yagna, wherein he realised the futility of animal sacrifices. The Yagna was being performed for the establishment of the 18th Gotra. This realisation led him to become  one of the strong protagonist of 'Non-Violence'  

"Instead of targeting a crane with an arrow,

  I wish to see it flying;

  Instead of eating away a nightingale,

  I wish to hear it singing" 

He banned all animal sacrifices.  

However, his belief in nonviolence did not mean non-resistance to oppression,rather he promoted self defence. According to him self protection and national defence were not the task of only kshatryas - the warrior caste, rather it is the duty of each citizen to protect and safeguard his motherland.  

The ideas of Equality, Socialism and non-violence propounded by Maharaj Agrasen 5000 years back form the spirit of the present Constitution of India. But, we Indians have not been able to cultivate these ideals into our lives, they remain simply words in our constitution. It lies upon us now to adopt these ideals in our lives as a tribute to our progenitor.